Wednesday 30 December 2015

8 Things You Should Never Touch at a Restaurant

The table
 The table
Charles Gerba, a professor of microbiology at the University of Arizona, found significant numbers of E. coli and coliform bacteria on restaurant tabletops — enough to present a danger to the public — particularly young children, the elderly, and people with compromised immune systems. And the bacteria numbers were even higher after the tables were wiped down, suggesting a direct connection between dirty rags and bacteria. The solution? Ask your server not to wipe your table before you sit down. 


The menu
 The menu
It’s hard to avoid touching a menu — which is probably why they’re some of the germiest things in any restaurant. Think about how many hands touch them on a daily basis, and how infrequently the menus are cleaned (or replaced). Also, restaurant staff may wipe down laminated menus with a rag. (Remember how filthy those are?)
A 2013 study found that menus are an ideal vehicle for different types of bacteria. E. coli can survive on a laminated menu for as long as 24 hours, and salmonella for as long as 72 hours. Donna Duberg, an assistant professor of clinical laboratory science from Saint Louis University, suggests paying attention to how your menu feels. “If there is visible food on the outside or if it feels ‘sticky,’” she tells Yahoo Health, “it is most likely harboring germs, bacteria, and viruses from everyone who has sat there or worked there over the last few days.” Be safe and give your hands a good wash after ordering (and before eating).


The ice in your drink
 The ice in your drink
Like a cold drink? Restaurant ice makers aren’t cleaned nearly as often as they should be (ideally once a month), and may harbor bacteria. The bottom line? Ask for your soda without ice — your stomach will thank you.
(Photo: Getty Images)


The lemon and lime wedges in your drink
 The lemon and lime wedges in your drink
Whether you request it or not, restaurant drinks often come with a slice of lemon or lime. But a 2007 study found that 69.7 percent of lemon wedges tested showed some type of microbial growth — either on the rind or the flesh. Why? By the time it reaches your drink, that piece of fruit may have been handled by multiple people — plus, there’s no way to ensure proper handwashing practices have been followed. Although it won’t be as tasty, it’s wise to take that beverage straight up.
(Photo: Getty Images)


The ketchup bottle and salt and pepper shakers
 The ketchup bottle and salt and pepper shakers
“These are most likely never wiped off — and if they are, it is with a cloth that has been used to wipe off the table, chairs, trays, and has been ‘rinsed’ in a tub of dirty water,” Duberg says. Beyond that, it’s impossible to know who touched these before you (and whether they washed their hands). You’ve got your antibacterial wipes, right? If you need that ketchup, give the bottle a once-over before squeezing.
(Photo: Getty Images)


The tray
 The tray
Just like the condiment bottles and menus, trays are rarely wiped down (and when they are, it’s with that same rag — yuck). Duberg suggests you avoid touching your tray as much as possible. “When eating in a fast-food establishment with trays,” she says, “I use hand sanitizer before touching my food, and never touch the tray after I sit down until after I am done eating.”
(Photo: Getty Images)


The buffet
 The buffet
Yes, buffets are as dirty as you thought they were. “It is a rare day when I will eat at a buffet or a salad bar,” Duberg says. “There are very few assurances that the food has been kept at the proper temperature (hot or cold); the remaining food from the container being replaced is often scooped into the container of fresh food, and the serving utensils are usually reused over and over again.” These latter two actions can carry bacteria, which have been multiplying all day, from one batch of food to the next. All you can eat? It may not be worth it.
(Photo: Getty Images)


The bathroom
 The bathroom
It seems obvious, but the bathroom is often a reflection of how clean the rest of a restaurant is. Duberg suggests checking to see whether there’s a cleaning schedule posted on the door. “And use the sniff test,” she says. “If it smells dirty, it most likely is — wash your hands with lots of soap and water, dry with a paper towel, use the paper towel to open the door, and use hand sanitizer at the table before eating your food. Reminder: People who are not feeling well often go into the bathroom to vomit or have diarrhea, and may not wash their hands as well as I do.”
(Photo: Getty Images)

Tuesday 8 December 2015

Top 15 Artificial Islands – Amazing Man-Made Islands

There is something mystic about islands. Islands stand in solitariness amidst all the infinite blue waters. Islands were once enamoured in mystery. Today, due to the advancement of science, man has mastered the art of making their very own artificial islands. All over the world, there are some incredible man-made islands. Man has put together beauty and utility. Let us look at some of the most incredible artificial islands in the world.


15. Thilafushi

 Thilafushi- artificial island 

Thilafushi is an artificial island in Maldives, to the west of Malé, in Maldives. Geographically a part if the Vaadhoo channel, it is located between the Kaafu Atoll’s Giraavaru and Gulhifalhu. Built on reclaimed coral reefs in 1992, it is a dumping ground for over 300 tons of rubbish. Reportedly growing at a rate of about 0.92 square meters a day, the landmass has attracted entrepreneurs.

 

14. Balboa Island

 Balboa Island, Newport Beach 

The Balboa Island in Newport Beach of California is a chain of three modified or artificial islands that include the Balboa Island, Little Balboa Island and Collins Island. There is a bridge that connects the Balboa Island community to the mainland, with ferryboats further connecting the two. With about 3,000 residents in 0.52 square kilometres, it is one of the densest communities in Orange County.

 

13. Artificial Islands for Tokyo Disneyland

 Islands for Tokyo Disneyland 

Tokyo Disneyland is an internationally famous theme park in Japan, set on a man-made island in Urayasu, Chiba. The Tokyo Disney Resort is one of the greatest tourist spots, and it is the first Disney park built outside the United States, and it celebrated its 25th anniversary in 2008. The island resort has five hotels within walking distance from the themed areas, as well as four Japanese airports.

 

12. Willingdon Island

 Willingdon Island in Cochin 

The Willingdon in India is the largest artificial island in the country. It is a part of the city of Kochi, in Kerala. Much of it is claimed from the Lake of Kochi, constructed by filling in dredged soil around a natural island that existed previously. It is important as the home for Port of Kochi and Kochi Naval Base, as well as other establishments. There are several hotels and business centres on this island.

 

11. Venetian Artificial Islands

 Venetian Islands, Florida 

The Venetian Islands project in Biscayne Bay are a chain of man-made islands, connected by bridges from the Miami mainland to the Miami Beach in Florida. One of the most prominent sets of islands, among the many artificial islands in Miami, the islands include Belle Isle, Rivo Alto, Di Lido, San Marino, San Marco and Biscayne. The Flagler Monument is an uninhibited picnic island built in 1920.

 

10. Kamfers Dam Island

 Kamfers Dam Island 

In the Kamfers Dam lake of South Africa lies an artificial island in the shape of a giant “S” in the north of Kimberley. It has been an important breeding ground of Lesser Flamingos since its construction by Ekapa Mining using 26,000 tons of material, back in 2006, with almost 50,000 flamingos living on this island. However, due to deteriorating water quality and rising water levels, the island is in danger.

 

9. The Pearl-Qatar

 The Pearl-Qatar 

The Pearl-Qatar is a man-made island of almost 4 million square meters, in Doha, Qatar. The first land in Qatar available for freehold ownership by foreign nationals, this island saw an increase in its population from 3,000 in 2011 to 12,000 in 2015. Developed by United Development Company, the project is expected to accommodate great entertainment facilities for residents as well as tourists.

 

8. Artificial Islands of Uros

 The Uros Floating Islands 

The islands of Uros, Peru, are made from reed growing along the edges of Lake Titicaca, Puno, by bundling these reeds into floating island platforms. Each of these artificial islands have 2-10 reed houses, depending on the size. The biggest island has a watchtower. But, tourists are affecting the traditional culture of the Uros people. Environmental and health issues are also on the rise, here.

 

7. Spiral Island

 Spiral Island 

Spiral Island in Mexico is a floating man-made island, in true sense of the term. Built by British artist Richard “Reishee” Sowa back in 1998 using more than a quarter-million plastic bottles, it got destroyed by hurricane Emily in the year 2005. However, he started rebuilding the island to make it bigger and better. Since 2008, a replacement island named Joyxee Island has been open for visits.

 

6. Peberholm

 Peberholm 

Peberholm is an artificial island in the Danish part of the Öresund strait as a part of the Öresund Bridge which connects Denmark with Sweden. This small but picturesque island was built to have a crossover point between the bridge and the tunnel that had been built for an obstacle-free link between Sweden and Denmark. Only biologists are allowed annually here, to preserve its ecology.

 

5. The THUMS Islands

 The THUMS Islands 

The THUMS Islands in San Pedro Bay are a set of man-made islands off the coast of Long Beach, California. Built in 1965 to tap into the East Wilmington Oil Field, these are the only decorated oil islands in the US, with tall structures to conceal the drill rigs including The Condo, a waterfall and significant landscaping. Island Grissom and Freeman Island are among the most beautiful of these.

 

4. Amwaj Artificial Islands

 Amwaj artificial Island Bahrain 

The Amwaj Islands I Bahrain are a group of man-made islands in the Persian Gulf. These islands were reclaimed from the shallow seas. These are a pioneering project to offer 100% freehold ownership to expatriates in Bahrain. It has recently become fit for residential purpose, with complete infrastructure, complete with commercial and residential buildings, hotels, and a circular marina.

 

3. Île aux Cygnes

 Île aux Cygnes 

The Île aux Cygnes in France is a small artificial island in the Seine in Paris, located in the 15th and 16th arrondissement. Formed in 1827 in order to protect the port of Grenelle. There are three bridges crossing it, and a tree-lined walkway. One of the major features of this island is the one-fourth scale Statue of Liberty replica, which faces in the direction of the original Statue of Liberty in New York

 

2. Palm Islands

 Palm artificial Islands 

The Palm Jumeirah is one of the three sets of man-made islands, the Palm Islands, on the coast of Dubai, in United Arab Emirates. This archipelago was built using land reclamation by a UAE government owned company, Nakheel. Shaped like a palm tree, it is the original and the smallest of the three Palm islands of which the other two are incomplete, extending into the Persian Gulf.

 

1. The World Islands

 The World artificial Islands 

The World Islands in the Persian Gulf is another of the many sets of artificial islands in Dubai. This archipelago is made of small islands which are placed roughly in the shape of the world map about 100 metres apart. They are composed of sand which is dredged from the shallow coastal waters of Dubai. It was originally conceived by the ruler of Dubai, Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum.

There are several other artificial or man-made islands, and many more on their way. These artificial islands may be the new answer to the growing need for land. The population today has grown to the point that landforms all over the world are not enough. Apart from that, these islands can also serve as the platforms for several other purposes, including industrial, scientific, ecological and other needs. Many other purposes can be served by these islands, if planned properly. Scientists seem to believe that they may even solve the problem of rising water levels. To top it all, the artificial islands add to the aesthetic value of the world.

Monday 7 December 2015

Netflix and Chill is Probably Rotting Your Brain


Netflix and chill doesn’t do you any favors. (Stocksy)


You’ve heard the mantra before: “TV rots your brain.” But new research has found it might actually be legitimate.
According to a study published in the journal JAMA Psychiatry, binge-watching TV in your 20s is linked to cognitive decline 25 years down the road.
For the sweeping study, researchers asked 3,257 people between the age of 18 and 30 to answer questions about their TV and exercise habits during regular check-ins over 25 years. At the end of the 25 years, scientists evaluated participants’ cognitive function via tests that measured processing speed, executive function, and verbal memory.
Here’s what they found:
  • 10 percent of people watched three or more hours of TV each day (for at least two-thirds of the check-ins). They were significantly more likely to do poorly on the tests.
  • People who did the least amount of physical activity (less than 2.5 hours a week) also performed poorly on some of the tests.
  • People who showed the most cognitive decline were heavy TV viewers that didn’t exercise much or at all — they were more than twice as likely to perform badly on the tests.
That’s startling news, given that the average American watched five hours of TV a day in 2014, according to Nielsen data.